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8  191: 


SOME  RESULTS  OF 
HAMPTON'S  WORK 


INSTITUTE    PRESS 
1915 


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Foreword 

HE  HAMPTON  SCHOOL  has  been  accustomed 
for  a  number  of  years  to  present  at  the  public 
meetings  held  in  its  interest  one  or  more  of  its 
former  Negro  and  Indian  students,  who  have 
told  the  audiences  to  which  they  have  spoken 
the  simple  stories  of  what  they  have  done.  These  particular 
young  men  and  women  have  been  chosen  because  they  have  had 
interesting  stories  to  tell  and  they  have  told  them  fairly  well. 
In  this  booklet  we  present  word-pictures  and  photographs 
of  the  work  done  for  their  people  by  certain  Hampton  young 
men  and  women  who  have  been  selected  as  illustrations,  not  be- 
cause they  are  unusual  examples,  but  because  they  are  repre- 
sentative, and  also  because  they  have  been  able  to  send  us 
photographs  of  their    homes,   schools,    or   places  of  business. 

It  is  often  asked  in  regard  to  Hampton's  work  :  Does  it 
pay?  What  results  can  the  school  show?  To  these  questions 
this  little  book  is  intended  to  be  a  partial  answer.  Hampton 
has  endeavored  to  train  leaders  for  two  races — leaders  in  agri- 
culture, in  industrial  education,  in  business,  in  home  build- 
ing, in  improving  church  and  home  life,  in  public-school 
work,  in  foreign  missions,  in  professional  life.  That  we  have 
met  with  a  measure  of  success  in  this  endeavor  we  believe  the 
following  pages  will  show. 

Dr.  Washington,  Hampton's  most  distinguished  graduate, 
who  has  had  more  than  one  hundred  graduates  of  this  institution 
as  well  as  representatives  of  other  schools  in  his  corps  of 
instructors,  when  asked  as  to  the  difference  between  teachers 
trained  at  Hampton  and  elsewhere,  said  that  the  graduates  of 
other  institutions  often  excelled  in  the  work  of  the  classroom 
but  that  when  he  wanted  to  start  a  new  enterprise  he  looked 
for  a  Hampton  man  or  woman. 


LIBRARY 
UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 
V  URBANA- CHAMPAIGN 


FOUNDER  OF  THE  TUSKEGEE  FARMERS'  CONFERENCE  AND  OF 
THE  NATIONAL  NEGRO  BUSINESS  LEAGUE 

ERHAPS  no  other  Hampton  graduate  has  done 
more  towards  encouraging  his  people  to  buy 
land  and  homes  than  Booker  T.  Washington, 
LL.  D.,  '75,  the  principal  of  Tuskegee  Institute, 
Alabama,  the  largest  outgrowth  of  Hampton. 
The  Tuskegee  Farmers'  Conference  had  its  origin  in  1892 
through  the  efforts  of  Dr.  Washington  to  improve  the  condition 
of  the  Negroes  in  the  neighborhood  of  his  school.  The  people  of 
this  section,  the  Black  Belt  cotton  district,  lived,  as  a  rule,  in 
one-room  cabins  on  rented  land.  They  mortgaged  their  crops 
and  were  constantly  in  debt.  Through  the  influence  of  the 
Conference  many  of  the  people  in  Alabama's  Black  Belt  now 
own  homes  and  farms  and  raise  their  own  food  supplies. 

Dr.  Washington,  who  has  been  president  of  the  National 
Negro  Business  League  since  1900,  has  helped  to  train  able, 
level-headed,  and  unselfish  Negro  leaders  for  larger  service  on 
the  farm,  in  business,  in  the  shop,  in  the  classroom,  and  in  the 
pulpit.  He  has  focused  his  attention  on  the  fundamentals  of 
life— cleanliness,  health,  education,  and  religion. 


THE  OLD  AND  THE  NEW  AT  CALHOUN 

IT  Calhoun,    Alabama,   there    was  started    in    1896 
a   movement  intended,    like   the  Tuskegee  Con- 
ference, to  encourage  the  Negroes  of  the  cotton 
belt  to  abandon  the  "lien  system  of  cropping  " 
which  virtually  enslaved  them  anew,  and  to  es- 
tablish   themselves    on  land  and  in  homes    of   their    own.     Up 
to    the  present  time  121  Negroes  have  paid  for  land  $36,000.64 
and  for  houses  about  $19,000. 

The  Calhoun  School,  through  its  agricultural  instructor, 
Robert  W.  Brown,  Hampton,  '05,  is  now  helping  these  Negro 
farmers  to  raise  more  varied  and  better  crops.  Through  his 
knowledge  of  scientific  agriculture  he  has  redeemed  waste  land, 
terracing,  ditching,  and  fencing  it,  thus  adding  twenty  acres  to 
the  previous  thirty-eight  acres  of  cultivated  land  owned  by 
the  school.  Mr.  Brown  not  only  uses  the  school  farm  as  an 
object  lesson  but  has  a  number  of  demonstration  plots  on  the 
men's  farms  and  encourages  and  keeps  alive  a  corn  club  among 
the  boys.  He  has  a  strong  hold  upon  the  men  of  the  com- 
munity through  his  agricultural  talks  and  through  his  excel- 
lent example  in  his  private  life  as  well  as  in  agricultural  work. 


HOMES  OF  NEGRO  GRADUATES  IN  HAMPTON,  VA. 


HEN  we  turn  from  Alabama  to  Virginia,  we  find 
that  the  oldest  organized  effort  by  Hampton 
graduates  to  encourage  land  and  home  buying 
among  Negroes  is  the  People's  Building  and  Loan 
Association  of  Hampton.  Harris  Barrett,  Class 
of  1885,  was  largely  instrumental  as  secretary  in  earning  for  this 
Association  its  reputation  as  one  of  the  safest  financial  institu- 
tions in  Hampton.  Since  its  charter  was  granted  in  1889,  when 
it  began  business  with  12  stockholders  and  18  shares  of  stock, 
there  has  been  no  violation  of  trust  and  every  obligation  has  been 
promptly  met.  Now  (1915)  it  has  675  stockholders  owning 
3000  shares.  Its  paid-up  capital  stock  is  $155,633.87  of  which 
Negroes  alone  own  $119,500.  Its  business  is  confined  to  loan- 
ing money  to  stockholders,  all  loans  being  secured  by  first 
mortgages  on  real  estate  or  by  a  lien  on  the  stock.  After  paying 
seven  per  cent  dividends  on  its  stock  for  twenty-five  years,  it 
has  built  up  a  reserve  fund  of  nearly  $25,000.  It  has  loaned 
over  $507,196.97  to  Negroes  near  Hampton  and  has  assisted  them 
in  acquiring  more  than  460  houses  and  lots. 


4 

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AN    ABSENTEE-SHAWNEE  DELEGATION    TO   WASHINGTON 

77/^  central  figure  is  Thomas  Wildcat  Alford 

O  other  Hampton  graduate    has    had    more  to    do 
with  the  surveying  and   allotting  of  Indian  lands 
than    Thomas    Wildcat    Alford,      an    Absentee- 
Shawnee  of  Oklahoma.      Beginning  as  a  Govern- 
ment teacher  after  his  graduation  from  Hampton 
in  1882,  Mr.   Alford  has  acted  successively  as   interpreter,   sur- 
veyor, allotting  agent,   real-estate  agent,   and  farmer,   gradually 
becoming  the  most  influential  Indian  among  the  Shawnees. 

Acting  first  as  axe-man  in  the  surveyor's  corps,  he  soon 
rose  to  the  position  of  compass-man  at  four  dollars  a  day.  He 
acted  as  allotment  surveyor  for  the  Shawnees,  Kickapoos,  and 
Sac  and  Foxes,  being  also  county  surveyor  for  one  year.  In 
1894  he  was  appointed  chairman  of  the  Absentee-Shawnee  Com- 
mittee which  has  charge  of  all  negotiations  concerning  Indian 
lands.  He  is  also  secretary  of  the  General  Council  appointed 
to  decide  questions  of  importance  to  the  Shawnee  nation. 

For  a  number  of  years  Mr.  Alford  held  a  civil-service 
appointment,  but  is  now  farming  his  land  at  Shawnee.  Two  of 
his  sons  are  also  Hampton  graduates. 


THE   NOTTINGHAM    HOME 


N  Northampton  County,  Virginia,  is  an  excellent 
illustration  of  the  way  in  which  brothers  and 
sisters  often  work  together  for  the  betterment  of 
home  and  community.  Mrs.  Robert  L.  Smith, 
'01,  has  taught  at  her  home  in  that  county  for 
the  past  ten  years,  beginning  in  a  one-room  schoolhouse  which 
had  been  standing  for  thirty  years.  Organizing  a  school-im- 
provement league,  she  raised  the  money  to  build  a  two-room 
schoolhouse.  Her  brother,  John  R.  Nottingham,  who  received 
his  trade  certificate  from  Hampton  in  1906,  drew  the  plans  and 
built  the  schoolhouse.  The  superintendent  says  that  it  is  the 
best  arranged  one  for  colored  students  in  the  county.  Mr. 
Nottingham  is  a  contractor  and  has  all  the  work  he  can  do, 
employing  from  four  to  eight  men  daily,  most  of  whom  learned 
their  trades  at  Hampton.  He  has  repaired  two  school  buildings 
for  white  children  and  has  received  the  contract  for  several 
houses  for  white  people,  who  often  say  that  the  one  who  can 
do  the  work  well  is  the  one  they  will  hire,  regardless  of  color. 
The  accompanying  photograph  shows  the  Nottingham  home, 
built  by  Mr. Nottingham  during  his  first  year  out  of  school. 


A    PHYSICAL   CULTURE   CLASS  AT   THE    NORFOLK   Y.W    C.  A. 


|N  earnest  Y.  W.  C.  A.  worker  is  Mrs.  Laura  E. 
Titus,  class  of  '76,  a  member  of  the  band  of 
Hampton  students  who  "sang  up"  Virginia 
Hall.  After  fifteen  years  in  the  Norfolk  pub- 
lic schools,  she  married  a  Hampton  graduate, 
but  continued  work  for  her  people  by  forming  a  league  for  the 
moral  improvement  of  the  women  and  establishing  an  old  folks' 
home  for  the  destitute  and  decrepit.  Later  she  was  for  several 
years  a  valued  helper  in  the  Southern  Industrial  Classes  in 
Norfolk  and  vicinity.  In  1908  Mrs.  Titus  organized  an  associa- 
tion of  colored  women  which  took  for  its  work  the  helping  of 
young  girls  of  the  race.  This  was  the  beginning  of  the  Norfolk 
colored  branch  of  the  national  Y.  W.  C.  A.,  membership  in 
this  Association  being  granted  in  1913.  A  charter  was  secured 
in  1910  and  a  permanent  secretary  three  years  later.  The 
colored  Y.  W.  C.  A.  building  affords  temporary  shelter  to 
many  working  girls  and  provides  meeting  places  for  numerous 
clubs.  The  Association  has  the  sympathetic  co-operation  of 
the  entire  community. 


GARDEN ING   CLASS   AT   THE    LOCUST    STREET   SETTLEMENT 

INCE  Mrs.  Harris  Barrett,  class  of  1884,  began 
housekeeping  twenty-four  years  ago  in  the  town 
of  Hampton,  she  has  had  one  definite  aim  — that 
of  helping  the  women  and  girls  of  her  race  to 
become  homemakers.  In  1902  a  small  club- 
house was  built  which  made  possible  more  neighborhood  work. 
Lessons  are  now  being  given  to  girls  in  cooking,  sewing,  cro- 
cheting, and  bead  work.  Boys  are  also  formed  into  clubs  and 
much  time  is  given  to  directing  their  play.  There  are  football, 
baseball,  and  basket-ball  teams,  and  all  the  wholesome  games 
are  encouraged.  A  night  school  is  maintained  which  is  a  great 
help  to  both  boys  and  girls.  Hampton  Institute  Seniors  volun- 
teer their  services  and  help  with  all  clubs  and  classes. 

There  is  a  strong  women's  club  organized  for  home  im- 
provement which  has  eight  well-arranged  departments  —  child 
welfare,  home  gardening,  poultry  raising,  flower  cultivation, 
quilting,  plain  sewing,  cooking,  and  rug  weaving.  This  club 
touches  the  life  of  the  community  in  many  ways  and  is  doing 
most  effective  work. 


ARCHDEACON    JAMES   S.    RUSSELL 


HE  largest  outgrowth  of  Hampton  in  Virginians 
St.  Paul's  Normal  and  Industrial  School  at  Law- 
renceville,  founded  in  1888  by  Rev.  James  S. 
Russell,  a  Hampton  ex-student,  now  an  arch- 
deacon in  the  Episcopal  church  and  principal  of 
the  school.  The  plant  consists  of  1600  acres  of  land  and  over 
30  buildings,  most  of  which  were  erected  by  student  labor. 
The  contrast  between  these  and  the  mud  cabins  of  slavery  time, 
still  standing  near  by,  is  most  suggestive  of  the  progress  that 
the  Negro  race  has  made  since  its  emancipation.  Sixteen  in- 
dustries are  taught  at  St.  Paul's,  several  of  the  instructors  being 
Hampton  graduates.  The  school  numbers  at  present  nearly 
500  students  and  has  under  its  care  over  2000  young  people  who 
have  been  trained  to  self-support  and  right  ways  of  living. 
Through  its  various  agencies  for  social  work,  St.  Paul's  has 
"  completely  transformed  the  life  of  the  Negro  people  in  Bruns- 
wick County." 


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A   COMMUNITY   COOKlNd   LESSON    AT   MT.  MEIGS 

H!  MEMBER  of  the  Class  of  1882,  Georgia  Washing- 
ton, was  called  from  Hampton  in  1893  to  take 
charge  of  a  school  at  Mt.  Meigs  in  Alabama. 
She  found  the  people  picking  cotton,  and  no 
school  building  or  teacher's  cottage  provided. 
A  small  cabin  was  rented  and  school  began  with  four  small 
boys.  But  the  cabin  was  soon  crowded,  and  the  children  were 
taught  in  an  old  church  until  a  schoolhouse  could  be  built.  The 
end  of  the  first  year  saw  one  hundred  pupils  enrolled.  After 
ten  years  the  old  plantation,  on  which  cotton  was  being  picked 
when  Miss  Washington  arrived,  became  the  property  of  the 
people  and  formed  the  school  grounds  and  farm.  The  first 
schoolhouse  is  now  part  of  the  Teachers'  Home;  a  new  church 
has  been  built,  and  a  two-story  school  building,  accommo- 
dating three  hundred  children  in  nine  grades  is  the  "crowning 
glory  "  of  the  settlement.  Through  Miss  Washington's  influence 
the  people  now  own  land  and  homes  instead  of  renting  them. 


'3 


ONE   OF   THE    RESULTS   OF   MR.   EDWARDS'S   WORK 

HE  recently  appointed  superintendent  of  the  Negro 
Reformatory  at  Hanover,  and  supervisor  of  the 
Home  for  Wayward  Girls  at  Peake,  Va.,  is 
Thomas  J.  Edwards,  who  was  graduated  from 
Hampton  in  1905.  Mr.  Edwards,  after  teaching 
for  one  year  in  an  industrial  school  in  Topeka,  Kansas,  was 
called  to  Tuskegee  to  take  charge  of  the  wheelwrighting  depart- 
ment. He  soon  showed  special  interest  in  the  development  of 
the  rural  schools  and  in  1909  was  asked  by  Dr.  Washington  to 
act  as  supervisor  of  industrial  work  in  the  colored  schools  of 
Macon  County.  In  connection  with  his  work  he  started  school 
farms  and  organized  school-improvement  leagues  for  the  pur- 
pose of  raising  money  to  lengthen  the  school  terms  and  build 
better  schoolhouses. 

In  1912  Mr.  Edwards  became  supervisor  of  colored  schools 
in  Tallapoosa  County,  Alabama,  where,  besides  his  usual  activi- 
ties, he  organized  children's  clubs  and  held  successful  county 
fairs.  He  also  published  a  rural-school  weekly  paper,  which 
had  much  influence  in  stimulating  friendly  competition  in  secur- 
ing the  best  educational  conditions. 


THE  KENXARD  HIGH  AND  INDUSTRIAL  SCHOOL- 
AM  PTON  graduates  are  active  in  all  efforts  for 
rural  betterment.  Prominent  among  such  efforts 
is  what  is  known  as  school-demonstration  work. 
Teachers  of  industries  go  from  school  to  school 
in  a  county,  introducing  occupations  adapted  to 
the  various  communities.  These  teachers  are  known  as  indus- 
trial supervisors,  and  are  most  of  them  under  the  direction  of  Dr. 
James  H.  Dillard,  president  of  the  Negro  Rural  School  Fund. 
One  of  the  most  successful  of  the  colored  industrial  super- 
visors is  Lucretia  T.  Kennard,  '92,  who  has  had  charge  of  the 
industrial  work  in  the  schools  of  Caroline  County,  Maryland, 
since  1910.  In  the  schools  of  that  county  Miss  Kennard  has 
introduced  sewing,  cooking,  canning,  cobbling,  basketry,  rug 
weaving,  and  the  making  of  brooms,  husk  mats,  and  simple 
furniture.  She  has  organized  thirteen  patrons'  associations, 
and  in  1912  had  the  supervision  of  eleven  Hampton  graduates 
and  other  teachers.  In  1914  a  new  training  school  at  Denton, 
the  county  seat,    was  named    for    Miss    Kennard. 


'5 


MR.    BLANTON    IN    HIS   CORNFIELD 

HAMPTON  graduate  who  has  been  instrumental 
in  improving  the  condition  of  the  farmers  on 
the  Sea  Islands  off  the  coast  of  South  Carolina, 
is  Joshua  E.  Blanton,  '02,  superintendent  of  in- 
dustries at  the  Penn  Agricultural  and  Industrial 
School  on  the  Island  of  St.  Helena.  Mr.  Blanton  teaches  the 
farmers,  by  means  of  the  school  farm,  and  by  farmers'  con- 
ferences, farm-demonstration  work,  and  a  co-operative  society. 
In  1909  he  was  appointed  farm-demonstration  agent  by  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  and  since  then  the 
number  of  demonstrators  under  his  supervision  has  grown  from 
8  to  66  (with  co-operators,  115),  and  the  average  corn  yield  per 
acre,  from  10  to  34  bushels. 


1 6 


HOME   OF   JOHN    B.   PIERCE 

NE  of  the  most  useful  of  the  graduates  of  Hamp- 
ton's agricultural  department  is  John  B.  Pierce 
of  Blackstone,  Va.,  Class  of  '92.  Mr.  Pierce 
has  been  in  charge  for  several  years,  under  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  of  the 
Negro  farm-demonstration  work  in  Virginia.  He  has  under  his 
charge  in  this  state  9  agents  with  about  1400  demonstrators 
working  under  them  in  18  counties.  Recently  he  has  been  put 
in  charge  also  of  similar  work  in  North  and  South  Carolina. 
With  the  help  of  his  agents  he  has  doubled  the  corn  crop  of 
Negro  farmers  in  certain  counties,  helping  them  to  increase 
their  earning  capacity  and  secure  more  home  comforts. 

Not  only  has  Mr.  Pierce  shown  the  men  how  to  improve 
their  crops,  but  he  has  introduced  labor-saving  machinery  into 
the  homes  and  has  induced  the  people  to  buy  land  for  schools, 
to  build  and  repair  schoolhouses,  to  improve  churches,  and 
to  co-operate  in  various  ways  for  the  improvement  of  their 
material,  intellectual,  and  moral  well-being. 


•7 


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HOME   OF    HENRY   W.    FIELDER 

OME  of  Hampton's  Indian  graduates  are  successful 
stockraisers,  and  among  these  is  Henry  W. 
Fielder,  Class  of  '99.  Mr.  Fielder  has  filled  a 
number  of  positions  in  the  Government  school 
service,  and  at  the  same  time  has  increased 
his  stock  and  has  improved  his  place.  His  home  is  a  good, 
six-room  house,  which  he  built  himself  from  plans  he  drew 
while  at  Hampton.  He  raises  good  crops  of  alfalfa,  sweet  corn, 
potatoes,  and  other  vegetables. 

In  1909  Mr.  Fielder  was  one  of  a  commission  appointed  by 
the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  to  inspect,  appraise,  and  value 
land  on  the  Cheyenne  River  Reservation,  and  in  1912  was  one 
of  six  Indians  on  the  same  reservation  recommended  by  the 
superintendent  to  receive  their  patents  in  fee. 

Mr.  Fielder  is  one  of  the  partners  in  a  general  merchandise 
store,  and  a  leader  in  the  progressive  work  on  his  reservation. 
He  recently  organized  a  company  of  experienced  horsemen 
among  his  people,  who  will,  if  needed,  furnish  their  own  mounts 
and  render  service  for  their  country. 


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ANTOINE   DE  ROCKBRAIN   AND   LUKE   LOW   DOG 

MONG  the  Sioux  Indians  who  came  to  Hampton 
in  1886  was  Antoine  DeRockbrain.  He  had 
had  but  two  years'  schooling  previous  to  com- 
ing East,  and  he  remained  but  three  years. 
Such  good  use  did  he  make  of  his  time  that  on 
his  return  home  he  was  appointed  a  day-school  teacher  in  one 
of  the  camps.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  almost  continuously 
in  the  Government  service,  and  in  1912  passed  the  civil-service 
examination  for  expert  farmer  and  was  appointed  to  the  Bull 
Head  District  on  the  Standing  Rock  Reservation.  Several  hun- 
dred Indians  live  in  this  district,  and  the  duties  are  practically 
those  of  sub-agent.  Mr.  DeRockbrain  is  corresponding  sec- 
retary of  the  Business  Committee  of  Standing  Rock  Reserva- 
tion, and  county  commissioner  of  Corson  County,  South  Dakota. 
The  assistant  farmer,  Luke  Low  Dog,  on  the  left  of  the  pic- 
ture, was  a  student  at  Hampton  from  1901  until  1905. 


'9 


THE   WESTERN  COLORED    BRANCH    OF 
THE    LOUISVILLE    FREE    PUBLIC    LIBRARY 

HE  City  of  Louisville,  Kentucky,  is  the  only  city 
in  the  United  States  which  has  two  colored 
branches  of  its  free  public  library.  They  are 
known  as  the  Eastern  and  Western  Colored 
Branch  Libraries.  A  Hampton  graduate,  Thomas 
F.  Blue,  '88,  is  in  charge  of  both.  The  total  cost  of  the  plant 
of  the  Western  Branch,  which  is  nine  years  old,  was  $45,568.75. 
Nine  clubs  meet  regularly  in  this  Library,  which  also  affords 
a  meeting  place  for  many  conferences  and  associations.  Dur- 
ing eight  years  it  circulated  440,122  books. 

The  Eastern  Branch  building,  opened  in  January  1914,  is  one 
of  the  best  in  the  country.  The  first  floor  contains  a  library 
room  accommodating  10,000  volumes  and  an  auditorium  seat- 
ing 350  persons.  The  basement  has  three  classrooms  for  meet- 
ings and  clubs  and  a  playroom  37  by  40  feet.  Besides  serving  as 
a  reference  library  for  the  city  schools,  it  encourages  all  efforts 
for  the  advancement  of  the  colored  people  in  Louisville. 


ANGEL    1)E   CORA    DIETZ 

N  1888  Angel  DeCora  came  t©    Hampton,    a    little 
Winnebago^with  no  education  and  little  English. 
After  [her    graduation    she    entered     school     in 
Northampton,  and  then  the  Smith    College    Art 
School, "earning  her  tuition  by  her  own  exertions 
and  being  graduated  with  honor  in'96.     After    two  years    under 
Howard    Pyle    and  a  year  at  the    Cowles    Art    School    in    Bos- 
ton, she  opened    a  studio  in  New  York. 

Miss  De  Cora  is  now  Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Dietz,  and  with  her 
husband,  a  Sioux,  is  teaching  at  Carlisle.  They  have  done 
much  to  bring  native  Indian  art  before  the  public,  and  are  par- 
ticularly successful  in  interpreting  the  symbolic  designs  of  their 
people.  These  have  been  used  in  copper  and  silver  work,  and 
in  rug  and  stencil  designs,  with  remarkably  fine  results.  Mrs. 
Dietz  has  done  some  writing  but  is  best  known  by  her  illus- 
trations— the  colored  frontispiece  for  "The  Middle  Five," 
and    the  title  page    and    illustrations  for  "  The  Indian's   Book." 


THE   HOSPITAL   OF   WHICH    DR.    PICOTTE   IS   SUPERINTENDENT 

NE  characteristic  of  Hampton  graduates  is  versa- 
tility, and  perhaps  no  better  example  can  be 
found  than  in  Dr.  Susan  LaFlesche  Picotte.  In 
1886  she  was  graduated  from  Hampton,  and  a 
few  years  later  entered  the  Woman's  Medical 
College  of  Philadelphia,  being  the  first  Indian  woman  to  receive 
the  degree  of  M.  D.  For  some  time  after  her  marriage  to  Henry 
Picotte,  a  Sioux,  Dr.  Picotte  lived  quietly  at  home,  but  since 
1896  she  has  been  in  practice,  not  only  doing  the  work  of  a 
physician,  but  conducting  services  in  the  mission  chapel,  reading 
the  Bible  and  preaching  to  her  people,  translating  hymns  into 
Omaha,  holding  funeral  services,  organizing  Sunday  schools  and 
societies  among  the  old  and  young,  and  trying  by  precept  and 
example  to  teach,  in  both  religious  and  domestic  life,  the  les- 
sons learned  at  Hampton.  The  building,  by  the  Presbyterian 
Board  of  Home  Missions,  of  a  new  and  well-equipped  hospital 
in  Walthill,  Nebraska,  is  due  largely  to  her  efforts,  and  she  was 
appointed  its  first  superintendent. 


ANNA   DECOSTA    BANKS 


TRAINED  nurse  of  wide  experience,  Hampton  '91 
and  Dixie  Hospital  '93,  is  Anna  DeCosta  Banks, 
who  has  spent  her  professional  life  in  Charleston, 
S.  C,  where  she  was  born.  Since  1897  Mrs. 
Banks  has  been  head  nurse  in  a  hospital  and 
training  school  for  colored  nurses,  established  by  the  colored 
people  of  Charleston.  In  1904  she  was  employed  by  the  Ladies' 
Benevolent  Society  of  her  native  city  as  a  district  nurse,  which 
position  she  still  holds,  paying  annually  over  2000  visits.  A 
new  branch  of  her  work  is  the  investigation  and  care  of  all 
cases  of  illness  among  the  policy  holders  of  the  Metropolitan 
Life  Insurance  Company  of  New  York.  Besides  attending 
to  her  strenuous  duties,  she  is  an  active  member  of  the  Young 
Women's  Christian  Association  and  of  the  Anti-tuberculosis 
League. 

23 


HOME   OF   JOSEPHINE    HILL   WEBSTER 

N  1914  Josephine  Hill,  a  Wisconsin  Oneida,  was 
graduated  from  Hampton.  On  her  return  home 
she  took  a  position  in  the  Government  School, 
and  in  1906  married  Isaac  N.  Webster,  a  mem- 
ber of  her  own  tribe  who  is  also  a  Hampton 
graduate.  Mr.  Webster  was  in  the  Government  service,  and 
both  continued  to  hold  positions  for  several  years,  until  they 
could  start  life  on  their  farm,  where  they  now  have  an  excellent 
home. 

For  five  years  Mrs.  Webster  has  taught  at  Oneida  under 
the  Sybil  Carter  Lace  Association.  Her  class,  numbering 
about  one  hundred,  is  the  largest  on  any  reservation,  and  the 
lace  and  cut-work  they  do  is  of  the  finest  quality,  equal  to  the 
Italian.  When  orders  are  heaviest  a  consignment  worth  from 
fifty  to  one  hundred  dollars  is  sent  from  Oneida  to  the  New 
York  headquarters  every  week.  Mrs.  Webster  not  only  keeps 
house,  teaches  the  lacemakers,  conducts  the  business  of  the  class 
and  attends  to  the  shipments  of  work,  but  also  finds  time  to 
play  the  organ  in  the  Episcopal  church  on  the  reservation. 


24 


THE  JOHN   A.   ANDREW    HOSPITAL,  TUSKEGEE    INSTITUTE 


SUCCESSFUL  physician  who  was  graduated  from 
Hampton  in  1897  and  from  the  Shaw  Medical 
School  in  1901,  is  John  A.  Kenney,  resident 
physician  at  Tuskegee  Institute  since   1902. 

In  1913,  through  the  generosity  of  a  grand- 
daughter of  John  A.  Andrew,  war-governor  of  Massachusetts, 
a  beautiful  new  hospital  costing  $55,000  was  added  to  the  Tus- 
kegee plant.  This  hospital  has  the  most  modern  sanitary  equip- 
ment, and  Dr.  Kenney  is  its  medical  director  as  well  as  head  of 
the  training  school  for  nurses  connected  with  it.  That  Dr. 
Kenney  has  won  recognition  in  the  medical  world  is  indicated 
by  his  appointment  as  general  secretary  of  the  National  Negro 
Medical  Association  and  managing  editor  of  the  journal  of  that 
society.  The  work  of  the  John  A.  Andrew  Hospital  is  not 
confined  to  the  Tuskegee  School  grounds,  and  its  head  has  a  wide 
opportunity  for  service  to  his  people  of  a  most  valuable  kind. 
This  hospital  is  said  to  be  the  finest  Negro  hospital  in  the 
South  and  the  third  largest  in  the  world. 


25 


THE   COPE   INDUSTRIAL   BUILDING  ON  ST.  HELENA   ISLAND 

N  excellent  illustration  of  the  practical  character 
of  the  training  given  to  student  tradesmen  at 
Hampton  is  found  in  the  construction  of  the 
Cope  Industrial  Building  at  the  Penn  School  on 
St.  Helena  Island,  South  Carolina.  This  was 
erected  with  the  help  of  ninety-four  Island  men  by  John  F. 
Burrell,  Hampton  '09,  who  had  charge  of  the  concrete  and 
brick  work;  Anthony  D.  Watson,  '04,  who  supervised  the  car- 
pentry; and  Joshua  E.  Blanton,  '02,  who,  as  superintendent  of 
industries  at  the  school,  assisted  in  various  ways.  This  build- 
ing is  made  of  what  is  known  as  "tabby"  —  a  hard,  grayish 
compound  of  sand,  cement,  and  oyster  shells — the  roof  being 
covered  with  red  tiles. 

The  mission  of  the  Cope  shops  is  to  teach  the  trades  valu- 
able to  a  farming  community— carpentry,  wheelwrighting,  black- 
smithing,  and  painting.  It  fills  a  long-felt  need  of  the  Island 
farmers,  who,  before  its  erection,  were  obliged  to  have  most  of 
their  repairing  done  on  the  mainland,  a  long  distance  from 
home.  The  boys  trained  in  these  shops  will  be  able  to  construct 
as  well  as  repair  furniture,  wagons,  houses,  and  churches. 


26 


CHARLES   DOXON 

HE  first  Indian  to  come  to  Hampton  as  a  work 
student  — with  no  help  from  the  Government- 
was  Charles  Doxon,  '89.  After  six  years  he 
had  mastered  his  trade,  and  won  an  academic 
diploma.  The  following  summer  he  found  em- 
ployment in  running  a  high-speed  engine,  and  after  two  years 
he  entered  the  New  York  Central  Railroad  Shops.  He  took 
a  course  in  night  school  in  mathematics  and  draughting  and  was 
advanced  until  he  was  one  of  the  eight  highest  paid  mechanics. 
He  was  elected  a  member  of  a  New  York  State  labor  union, 
although  he  was  neither  a  white  man  nor  a  citizen,  the  national 
convention  ruling  that  his  life  of  independent  self-support  had 
given  him  a  right  to  every  advantage  offered  by  a  labor  union. 
He  is  now  employed  in  an  automobile  factory  in  Syracuse,  has 
been  president  of  the  "  Six  Nations  Temperance  League,"  and 
does  church  work  among  the  members  of  his  tribe, the  Onondagas. 

27 


STEPHEN    JONES 

ERHAPS  no  ex-student  among  Hampton's  Indians 
has  more  effectively  preached  Christianity  and 
clean  living  than  Stephen  Jones,  a  Santee  Sioux. 
Leaving  Hampton  in  1897  he  went  to  the  Santee 
Normal  Training  School,  later  to  Haskell  Insti- 
tute, and  then  came  East  to  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Training  School 
in  Springfield,  Massachusetts.  Upon  completing  his  course 
there  Mr.  Jones  was  appointed  Indian  Secretary  at  large, 
under  the  International  Committee  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  and  he 
still  continues  in  this  work.  His  field  lies  in  the  Dakotas, 
Nebraska,  south  to  Oklahoma,  north  into  Manitoba  and  Saskat- 
chewan. Scattered  about  the  reservations  are  many  one-room 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  buildings,  and  it  is  mainly  to  these  struggling  so- 
cieties that  Mr.  Jones  devotes  his  time.  That  there  are  now 
nearly  one  hundred  associations  among  Indians,  with  a  member- 
ship well  over  two  thousand,  bears  witness  to  the  faithful  and 
efficient  work  of  Mr.  Jones  and  the  men  who  labor  with  him. 


28 


O^:. 


MR.   WHARTON'S   CHURCH 

HE  story  of  a  Hampton  .man  in  Mecklenburg 
County,  Virginia,  George  D.  Wharton,  '80, 
illustrates  the  all-round  work  which  many  of 
the  school's  graduates  are  accomplishing.  This 
man  is  a  teacher,  preacher,  lawyer,  merchant, 
farmer,  and  homebuilder.  As  a  teacher  he  has  reached  about 
one  thousand  children,  many  of  whom  are  now  heads  of  fami- 
lies or  are  teaching  in  various  parts  of  the  state.  As  a  preacher 
he  has  been  instrumental  in  raising  the  standard  of  morality, 
in  correcting  false  ideas  of  religious  worship,  in  organizing 
a  church,  and  in  building  a  new  house  of  worship. 

Mr.  Wharton  ministers  to  his  people  also  in  material  mat- 
ters, encouraging  them  to  buy  land  and  build  houses,  having 
recently  organized  and  chartered  a  land  company  with  a  capital 
of  $25,000.  He  has  more  than  once  stood  security  for  homes 
for  his  people  and  has  sometimes  made  their  first  payments 
himself.  He  sets  an  example  by  owning  a  well-tilled 
farm  of  three  hundred  acres  and  a  store  of  general  merchandise. 


29 


WILLIAM    H.   CARTER 


GRADUATE  of  Hampton  who  is  making  an  ex- 
cellent business  record  is  William  H.  Carter,  '98. 
He  has  served  Tuskegee  Institute  for  fourteen 
years,  first  as  bookkeeper  and  later  as  indus- 
trial-cost accountant. 
Before  going  to  Tuskegee  in  1900  he  was  assistant  secretary 
of  the  People's  Building  and  Loan  Association  at  Hampton. 
During  the  past  year  Mr.  Carter  has  worked  out  some  very 
interesting  and  valuable  tables  concerning  the  relation  to  trade 
assignments  of  school  attendance  and  academic  classification  of 
students.  He  is  the  authority  at  Tuskegee  for  facts  concerning 
the  cost  of  industrial  operations. 

Mr.  Carter  is  an  active  church  worker,  being  the  mainstay 
of  the  Baptist  church  in  the  community,  in  which  he  acts  as 
deacon  and  superintendent  of  the  Sunday  school.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  executive  board  of  the  Baptist  Sunday-school 
district  convention,  and  is  also  statistician  and  historian  for 
the  state  Young  People's  Baptist  Union. 


BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES 

WILLIAM  H.  TAFT,  President,  New  Haven.  Conn. 
FRANCIS  G.  PEABODY,  Vice  President,  Cambridge,  Man. 
CLARENCE  H.  KELSEY.  Vice  President,  New  York  City 
HOLLIS  B.  FRISSELL,  Secretary,  Hampton.  Va. 
GEORGE  FOSTER  PEABODY,  New  York  City 
CHARLES  E.  BIGELOW,  New  York  City 
ARTHUR  CURTISS  JAMES,  New  York  City 
WILLIAM  JAY  SCHIEFFELIN,  New  York  City 
LUNSFORD  L.  LEWIS.  Richmond,  Va. 
JAMES  W.  COOPER,  New  York  City 
WILLIAM  M.  FRAZIER,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
FRANK  W.  DARLING.  Hampton.  Va. 
SAMUEL  C.  MITCHELL,  Newark,  Del. 
ROBERT  BACON.  New  York  City 

To    make    Hamptons  work    possible    it    is    necessary 
to    raise  annually  over  $125,000  by  voluntary  contributions. 

A  full  scholarship  for  both  academic  and  industrial 

instruction         -  -         -         -  -     $    100 

Academic  scholarship    -  -  -  -  -  -  70 

Industrial  scholarship     -         -         -         -    *     -         -  30 

Endowed  full  scholarship       -         -         -         -         -     2500 

Any  amount  you  may  care  to  contribute,  however  small, 
will  be  gratefully  received  by  H.  B.  Frissell,  Principal,  or 
F.  K.  Rogers,    Treasurer,  Hampton,  Va. 

General  Armstrong  said :  "  Hampton  must  not  go  down. 
See  to  it,  you  who  are  true  to  the  black  and  red  races  of  the 
land,  and  to  just  ideas  of  education. " 

FORM   OF  BEQUEST 

I  give  and  devise  to  the  Trustees  of  The  Hampton 
Normal  and  Agricultural  Institute,  Hampton,  Virginia,  the  sum 
of  dollars  payable 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


3  0112  111874167 


